The official documentation of Cython is the best resource to start using Cython.

Resources

1. This official tutorial gives examples of core mechanism of Cython. Must Read.

Official Documentation Index

• Getting Started
  • Cython - an overview
  • Installing Cython
  • Building Cython code
  • Faster code via static typing
• Tutorials
  • Basic Tutorial
  • Calling C functions
  • Using C libraries (Section of callback function is not read)
  • Extension types (aka. cdef classes)
  • pxd files
  • Caveats
  • Profiling
  • Unicode and passing strings
  • Memory Allocation
  • Pure Python Mode
  • Working with NumPy
  • Working with Python arrays
  • Further reading
  • Related work
  • Appendix: Installing MinGW on Windows
• Users Guide
  • Language Basics
  • Extension Types
  • Special Methods of Extension Types
  • Sharing Declarations Between Cython Modules
  • Interfacing with External C Code
  • Source Files and Compilation
  • Early Binding for Speed
  • Using C++ in Cython
  • Fused Types (Templates)
  • Porting Cython code to PyPy
  • Limitations
  • Differences between Cython and Pyrex
  • Typed Memoryviews
  • Implementing the buffer protocol
  • Using Parallelism
  • Debugging your Cython program
  • Cython for NumPy users
  • Indices and tables
• Reference Guide
  • Compilation
  • Language Basics
  • Extension Types
  • Interfacing with Other Code
  • Special Mention
  • Limitations
  • Compiler Directives
  • Indices and tables